Alcan Operates Based on the Case Facts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alcan Operates Based on the Case Facts - Essay Example It is one of the world famous cutting-edge enterprises having a remarkable combination of skilled and talented workforce with advanced technology, innovative products, as well as a decidedly focused customer-culture. The enterprise has operating facilities across 61 countries with a work force of about 68,000 employees. The organization takes the leading position in production of raw materials, fabricated products and primary metals. Its four principal business groups include Bauxite and Alumina, Primary Metal, packaging and the engineered products. The four business groups are the main revenue contributors for the organization (Binet, GUALARD, and JACLOT, 2000). The associated products of the business groups include Aluminum sheets for beverage cans, automotive systems, mass transportation markets, personal care industries and the pharmaceutical products. The enterprise is involved in creating and selling of a variety of products, which include bauxite, automobile iron, sheet ingot, aluminium recycling services, forging stock. It is extremely vertically integrated having eight mines and deposits, a transport network with ports and facilities, seven alumina plants, 26 aluminium smelters, 17 laminated products plants, 12 electric power plants, seven alumina refineries, 180 packaging materials plants and 49 engineered products plants. Organizational Structure. ... His services are shared at the bottom of the ladder. The senior management in Alcan Company is made up of a CIO and four associates. These associates include: Strategic IT-Program director, Chief information-security- officer director, performance-management director, and the Enterprise Architectural director. At the bottom of the ladder, two services that are shared exist. One service is for the application, and the next is for infrastructure. All these are directed towards the senior management. In the centre of the ladder, there are different business groups of IT Directors. In this organization, the policy of decentralization ensures that each group is headed by an IT director normally referred to as VP. This director is concerned with the management of the IT in his specific group. He is also accountable for the top management of his group (Dube, Bernier, & Roy, 2009). Normally, the four IT VPs reports 75% of their group to the top management. They also report a 25% of their gro up to the CIO. These directors, therefore, are responsible in attaining the global objectives of the company. On the other hand, the shared services act as the business group internal consultants. Challenges Faced by Alcan Organization. Alcan organization like any other large organization is faced with various environmental, economical, social as well as technological challenges. Environmental challenges. The greatest environmental challenges affecting Alcan Organization are sustainable raw material development, industrial waste, air emissions, and water. These challenges have affected this company since laws requested organizations to change procedures and equipments so as to meet standards imposed to them. This change was to cause any company a substantial amount of money. The

US relations with Cuba Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

US relations with Cuba - Essay Example Cuba and the United States of America have had a complex history of relationships. â€Å"Nothing is ever simple in relations between the United States and Cuba†. Both have had interest in one another since well before either of their independence movements. Relations between the North American mainland and the Caribbean Spanish colony began in the early 18th century through illicit commercial contracts between the European colonies of the New World, trading to elude colonial taxes. As the Spanish influence waned in the Caribbean, the United States gradually gained a position of economic and political dominance over the island, with the vast majority of foreign investment holdings, the bulk of imports and exports in its hands. It also boosted the legal and illegal trade and soon Cuba became a comparatively prosperous trading partner in the region.In the last quarter of 20th century, the Cuban resistance against the Spanish colonial rule grew stronger. Initially the rebels fight ing for independence were supported by US President Grant led government, yet as the fighting erupted across mainland, US President Grant declined his support and hence the resistance was curtailed. US Secretary of State James G. Blaine wrote in 1881 of Cuba, â€Å"that rich island, the key to the Gulf of Mexico, and the field for our most extended trade in the Western Hemisphere, is, though in the hands of Spain, a part of the American commercial system†¦ If ever ceasing to be Spanish, Cuba must necessarily become American and not fall under any other European Domination† (Sierra, 4). Domination" (Sierra, 4). The United States major intervention in the Cuban conflict started on February 15th, 1898 when the American battleship USS Maine sank in Havana Harbor due to an explosion of some unknown reason. In Cuba the war became known as "the U.S. intervention in Cuba's War of Independence" (Franklin, 5-34). On the 10th of December 1898 Spain relinquished control of Cuba to the United States with the Treaty of Paris.The treaty put an end to the Spanish Colonial Empire in the Americas marking the beginning of United States expansion and long term political dominance over the region. Immediately after the signing of the treaty, the US-owned "Island of Cuba Real Estate Company" opened for business to sell Cuban land to Americans (Sierra, para. 1), yet the struggle against the U.S. military rule continued under the brave leadership of Cuba's national hero Jose Marti, until on May 20, 1902 Cuba was finally granted formal independence. Nevertheless, United States authorities had already made a decision to continue its right to intervene in Cuban affairs (either to preserve its independence or stability) and on March 2, 1901, a year before formal impedance, the Congress of the United States of America had passed an act called Platt Amendment (Bevans, 1116-17). Despite recognizing Cuba's transition into an independent republic, United States continued to exercise its right. The Plat Amendment was repealed in 1934 and both countries entered a new agreement called the "Treaty of Relations". Among other things, the Treaty of Relations continued the 1903 agreements that leased the Guantanamo Bay naval base to the United States. The rise of General Fulgencio Batista in the 1930s to de facto leader and President of Cuba for two terms (1940-44 and 1952-59) led to an era of close co-operation between the governments of Cuba and the United States. According to U.S. Ambassador to Cuba Arthur Gardner, "Batista had always leaned toward the United States. I don't think we ever had a better friend. It was regrettable, like all South Americans, that he was known-although I had no absolute knowledge of it-to be getting a cut, I think is the word for it, in almost all the, things that were done. But, on the other